A permanent resident who spends too long outside Canada can lose that status — even with a valid card in their wallet.
The five-year test
At a PR card renewal or a border examination, officers generally assess whether you were physically present in Canada for at least 730 days in the previous five years. Certain days abroad count as if you were in Canada, including time accompanying a Canadian citizen spouse or working for a Canadian business abroad.
New residents
If you have been a permanent resident for less than five years, the assessment looks at whether you can still meet 730 days within the first five years.
Cards expire; status does not
An expired card does not automatically end status, but it makes travel difficult. You may need a permanent resident travel document to return.
Plan absences deliberately
Keep entry and exit records, count days carefully, and get advice before a long absence if you intend to keep your status.
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